Certain materials react to the energy from sunlight and create and electric potential which can be used to power electronic devices. But it’s a little more complicated.
Today’s solar panels are produced with extremely pure silicone semi-conductor material. Electrons are discharged from silicon semi-conductors when placed in sun light. This creates a voltage difference as well as a flow of electricity. A photovoltaic panel is also called a ‘direct energy conversion device’ since all of these effects are taking place on an atomic level minus any moving parts.
Not long ago photovoltaic panels were restricted to use in space age technology. The space station and satellites used them as a reliable conversion of solar power. The sun’s radiation is 50% stronger in outer space giving solar energy an advantage in that environment. Solar energy devices have been used extensively in the space program.
Those living far from an electrical grid, more than a mile, are more likely to use photovoltaic technology, especially in residential homes. Utility power lines can be significantly more costly to run than installing a local solar panel power system. It’s a good idea to consider solar power and your energy source if your are a long distance from the power grid.
For solar panels to work efficiently, a sunny location is mandatory.Beam radiation is the strongest and most effective. Most of Western America qualifies…those states are good candidates for the use of solar energy, but northern climates and coastal states are usually quite cloud-laden and sadly, not worthy of 100% solar-reliance. You can search online for “solar insolation rates” to determine if your area is suitable for a solar energy system.
You can set up solar panels to meet your specific needs. The most common DC systems are rated 12 volt, 24 volt, and 48 volt. Solar panels can have a working life in excess of 20 years and they have an efficiency range of 12-14%.
